How to stop the blood from the nose | First Aid

Nasal bleeding is a problem that many people face. Since the nasal mucosa is very rich in blood vessels, when bleeding occurs from the nasal cavity, in most cases it is quite strong and can lead to significant blood loss. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to stop the blood as soon as possible. With such a phenomenon as the flow of blood from the nose, people face at any age. In most cases, you can cope with the problem on your own, without involving doctors.

Causes of nasal bleeding

All causes of nasal bleeding can be divided into 2 large groups - local and systemic. Local reasons include:

• trauma to the nose;


• surgical operations in the nasal cavity;


• diagnostic studies of the nasal cavity using a tool;


• foreign bodies entering the nasal cavity;


• acute inflammation in the nasal cavity;


• sneezing with nasal congestion;


• too vigorous blows;


• excessive use of vasoconstrictor;


• too long exposure to high temperatures on the nasal cavity (excessively long inhalation);


• tumors in the nasal cavity;


• anatomical defects in the structure of the nasal septum;


• inhalation of narcotic substances;


• too long inhalation of cold dry air (on very cold winter days).

The systemic causes of nasal bleeding are:

• high blood pressure;


• arteriosclerosis of blood vessels;


• blood diseases;


• avitaminosis;


• a strong increase in body temperature;


• a sharp drop in atmospheric pressure;


• hormonal imbalance in the body.

Regardless of the cause of nosebleeds, it should be stopped as soon as possible.

Assessment of the severity of epistaxis

The severity of nasal bleeding is determined by the amount of blood loss. Doctors today allocate 4 degrees of nosebleeds. This classification is as follows:

• from 10 to 100 ml - a slight bleeding that does not worsen the patient's condition;


• from 100 to 500 ml - massive bleeding, not carrying a danger to the life of the patient, but significantly worsening his condition;


• from 500 to 1100 ml - heavy bleeding, which threatens the life of the patient and greatly worsens the general condition;


• from 1100 ml - especially heavy bleeding, which can lead to death even with medical help.

Timely rendering of first aid in nosebleeds allows preventing its passage into a severe form, which can be very dangerous.

When urgently needed to call an ambulance

Despite the fact that in most cases, nosebleeds can be stopped on their own, there are situations when the patient needs urgent medical help. Immediately cause ambulance in the following situations:

• Nasal bleeding is severe, and it can not be stopped for 10 minutes;


• the patient has clotting disorders;


• the patient uses drugs to dilute the blood;


• the patient is under high blood pressure;


• blood from the damaged vessels of the nasal mucosa does not flow out of the nostrils, but flows down the back wall of the nasopharynx and larynx into the stomach, which causes bloody vomiting;


• the patient has a pre-fainting condition;


• nosebleeds are repeated within 24 hours.

In the event that medical care is required, it is not necessary to postpone it and continue trying to stop the bleeding on its own, as this may even lead to the death of the patient.

The main error in stopping nasal bleeding

In the fight against nasal bleeding, many make one serious mistake: trying to stop the blood, often tilt the head or lie down, what to do is strictly prohibited. This is due to the fact that in such positions the blood draining from the damaged vessel begins to flow down the back wall of the nasopharynx and the larynx into the stomach, and can also enter the respiratory tract. As a result, the patient's condition worsens significantly, and in some cases blood clots may occur.

Methods of stopping nasal bleeding in children

In children, nosebleeds are much more common than in adults, and parents should certainly know how to stop this kind of bleeding.

• The simplest way to fight even with severe nosebleeds is to squeeze the nostrils. In order to apply this method, the child should be seated on a chair or kneeled, tilting his head forward slightly and strongly pressing both nostrils to the nasal septum. Keep this way the child's nose is required for 10 minutes. After the nose of the child is released, from the nasal passages it is necessary to carefully remove the formed blood clots. Since you can not blow your nose after nosebleeds, use a cotton swab dipped in hydrogen peroxide for this purpose. When this procedure is completed, you need to put the baby for 30 minutes. Within 12 hours after epistaxis, children should not be bent and play active games. In the event that the blood continues to flow after that,


• Cold is a classic remedy for nosebleeds in children and adults. To stop bleeding, the child should take the same pose as with the first method of eliminating nasal bleeding. Then, an ice bubble or a cold-watered bow tent should be applied to the bridge of the nose. Further it is necessary to ensure the effect of cold and on the neck. To this end, the towel is soaked in cold water and, folding several times, is pressed against the neck. The effect of cold usually stops the blood for 5-10 minutes. If bleeding does not stop during this time and does not weaken - medical care is required.


• Another means of stopping bleeding is the baths for the hands and for the feet. The child put on a chair, her head tilted slightly forward, and lowered his hands to his elbows in very cold water, and the feet - the maximum tolerable hot water. This method allows you to lower blood pressure in the upper body and thereby stop bleeding.

Most often, nosebleeds in children are not very strong and easily stops at home.

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Methods of stopping nasal bleeding in adults

In adults, bleeding from the nose is not as common as in children, but still occurs. If it is not associated with a serious injury or a significant increase in pressure, it is entirely possible to stop it by yourself. Just like children, adults can not in this case throw back their head and go to bed.

• With mild bleeding, when blood does not flow by a stream, you can use nasal vasoconstrictive drops based on naphazoline or xylometazoline. To stop bleeding, a twisted cotton swab (no more than 15 mm thick) should be dripped abundantly with drops and inserted into the nasal passage to the limit, but without applying force to it. If you overdo it, you can damage the mucous membranes and bones. The tampon is left in the nose for 10-15 minutes. To extract it should be very careful not to provoke a new bleeding.


• With heavy bleeding, you can also use cold water. To do this, the patient should pour on the head and shoulders at least 50 liters of very cold water. After such a procedure, there is a significant narrowing of the blood vessels, which causes the blood to stop successfully. This method does not work with a tendency to catarrhal diseases and chronic lung diseases.


• Hydrogen peroxide, which is used to stop bleeding in various skin lesions, can also be used in nosebleeds. To help the patient you need to moisten the peroxide with a peroxide swab and insert it as deep as possible into the nasal passage. After this, the victim should remain at rest for 15 minutes. After the specified time, the swab is gently removed and buried in the nose with a drop of vasoconstrictive drops that will prevent repeated bleeding.


• In the summer you can stop nosebleeds with the help of nettle. For treatment, a cotton swab should be soaked in the grass juice and inserted into the nose. Leave it for 10 minutes, after which the bleeding will stop. This nettle effect is explained by its ability to improve blood clotting.

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How to stop the blood from the nose

In most cases, epistaxis (or epistaxis) is not a dangerous phenomenon, which can be eliminated easily at home or in the field. The most common cause of such ailment is the fragility of blood vessels. Another thing, when bleeding happens often, is accompanied by loss of consciousness, weakness, ringing in the ears, headache. A similar state is a signal that it's time to go to the therapist. It is not superfluous to recall the basics of first aid. The idea of how to stop bleeding from the nose, of course, will always come in handy.

Causes and types of blood flow from the nasal cavity

Before stopping the blood from the nose, determine where it comes from. There are front and back nasal bleedings.

The first species is the most common (9 out of 10 cases), fast-passing and non-hazardous. To recognize it is simple: the blood either drips, or flows out of one or both nostrils. Such bleeding is localized in the anterior part of the medial wall - a region with a thin mucosa and a huge number of fragile capillaries.

The flow of blood from the back of the nose is dangerous because it does not externally manifest itself. Mediated symptoms of the problem are nausea, hemoptysis, black feces. If the blood does not stop for a long time and there are these signs, go to the doctor immediately.

Why does the nose bleed? Here are the most common reasons:

• hemorrhagic diathesis;


• hypertension and vegetovascular dystonia;


• hormonal restructuring;


• deficiency of vitamins C and K;


• curved nasal septum;


• mechanical injuries;


• the presence of polyps in the nose;


• overheating of the body;


• drying of the mucous in the heat or frost;


• poor blood coagulability;


• reception of anticoagulants;


• sharp changes in atmospheric pressure;


• severe overwork;


• sinusitis and rhinitis, adenoids.

In terms of intensity, nosebleeds are minor, light, medium and heavy.

• Blood loss of up to several tens of milliliters with rapidly stopping secretions does not endanger health.


• At the expiration of 400-600 ml (light degree), the adult noticeably pales, feels weak.


• The average loss of blood (600-1200 ml) is accompanied by tachycardia, shortness of breath, a drop in blood pressure.


• Severe hemorrhage (from 800-1200 ml) leads to hemorrhagic shock.


• Children have a critical condition with less bleeding.

How to properly provide first aid for anterior bleeding

With nasal bleeding, it is not recommended to lay the patient on the bed or throw his head back, because in a lying position you will not be able to determine the extent of the problem. Moreover, a significant discharge of blood into the throat can cause vomiting. To act differently.

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The instruction how to stop a blood from a nose at the adult in house conditions, is presented more low.

• Put the patient on a chair, sofa or bed.


• Advise him to tilt his head slightly and pinch his nose under his nose with his fingers. Let the patient breathe with his mouth for the next ten minutes.


• Recommend him to refrain from talking, do not blow his nose and do not swallow the movement, so that a blood clot develops as soon as possible.


• In the meantime, get ice out of the refrigerator. Wrap it in a towel. The resulting compress is placed on the bridge of the nose.


• If the blood does not stop from the nose, make a tampon out of the bandage. Moisten it in a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide and enter into the nostril.

Do not use cotton swabs to quickly stop blood. The fact is that when the excretions solidify, they adhere to the walls of the nasal passages. Therefore, when extracting cotton wool, there is a high probability of re-injuring the vessels. After the bleeding has stopped, the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity should be carefully moistened with a moisturizer. This will prevent the casing from drying out.

How to stop the blood from the nose in a child?

The sequence of actions is the same, but the baby should be constantly encouraged and reassured. If it's a tiny baby, take it in your arms, unbutton your clothes so that it's easier for him to breathe. To an older child, try to explain that the blood from the nose stops going, as soon as he stops shouting or crying.

How to stop nasal bleeding at home using folk remedies?

Hemostatic properties are possessed by some plants.

• Take a lemon or an aloe leaf. Squeeze the juice out of it. Dissolve one part of the extract obtained with two parts of boiled water. Get the infusion into the nose.


• Tampons moistened in fresh juice of plantain, yarrow or nettle will also help.


• Another means, capable of stopping blood, is the decoction broth (a tablespoon of herb per 50 ml of boiling water).

What to do with bleeding that happened in nature?

• Sit in the shade.


• Slightly lower your head and pinch that nostril with your finger, from which blood comes.


• If there is no bandage at hand, attach a handkerchief.


• In winter, instead of a cold compress, you can use a lump of snow or an icicle. In the summer, a handkerchief soaked in cool water is suitable.

Emergency care for injuries and injuries to the nose

Instructions how to stop blood from the nose at home with superficial scratches and bruises:

• rinse the damaged area with soap and water;


• Wrap the wound with a solution of hydrogen peroxide;


• apply a cold compress to the bruised area;


• if the blood flows from the nose, stop it with a standard tamponization;


• make sure that there is no posterior bleeding - the saliva should be clean, free of blood;


• After half an hour, carefully remove the tampons from the nostrils.

Instructions how to stop the blood from the nose in an adult or child when injured:

• wash the wound with soapy water;


• treat it with peroxide;


• apply a pressing aseptic bandage;


• if the blood has gone from the nose, draw a tamponade;


• As soon as possible, take the victim to the emergency room.

How to stop severe bleeding from the nose in severe injuries?

If you suspect that there is a fracture of the facial bones or nasal septum, immediately call an ambulance. Before its arrival it is necessary to undertake standard steps: to wash out and process a wound, to make a plugging. With severe bleeding, hospitalization is compulsory.

Preventive actions

How quickly stop nasal bleeding, depends on various factors: from blood coagulation, the diameter of the bursting capillaries. Slow thrombus formation may be a recent aspirin, increased blood pressure, anemia.

If often there is a blood from a nose what to do or make for prophylaxis?

• Ensure regular air humidification. In allergic or viral rhinitis, do not allow the mucous membranes of the nose to dry out.


• Watch your blood pressure. With a tendency to hypertension, refuse salt, refrain from eating potatoes, grapes, bananas.


• If the blood flows from the nose often, you need to include in the diet of citrus, currant, kiwi, sour cabbage and other products rich in ascorbic acid.


• Will be useful and green leafy vegetables - they have a lot of vitamin K.

When to call an ambulance

To normalize the patient's condition, as a rule, enough cold compresses and tamponization, stopping bleeding. Emergency medical assistance may be needed if the nose continues to bleed after 15-30 minutes.

Any suspicious discharges that appear after a trauma can also be a reason for urgent hospitalization. For example, an admixture of clear liquid in the blood sometimes indicates a fracture of the base of the skull. Bloody vomiting can result from both posterior nasal bleeding, and damage to the lungs, esophagus, and stomach.

According to the rules, children with epistaxis are subject to mandatory hospitalization if they are sick with diabetes, hemophilia, have immunodeficiency or oncology. An aggravating circumstance is the propensity to hypertension in adolescence. Parents should insist on examination by a doctor if the child has lost consciousness, complained of nausea, dizziness, there is a suspicion of the presence of a foreign body in the nasal passage.

With frequent bleeding it is necessary to undergo a thorough examination (to pass tests, visit a pediatrician, an ENT, an oculist, a surgeon, a cardiologist, a neurologist) to determine and eliminate the cause of the disorder.

Now you know what to do, and if the blood comes from the nose, do not get lost and do not allow the deterioration of the well-being of the child or adult.

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